3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivates of formula(1a) (1b) or (1c) wherein R 1  is hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl; C 1 -C 20 alkoxy; CF 3 ; C 6 -C 10 aryl; or a radical of formula (1a) and R 2  is hydrogen; or C 1 -C 20 alkyl. The compounds are used as antimicrobial actives for the treatment of surfaces.

The present invention relates to selected 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives, the preparation of these compounds, and to the use of such compounds for the antimicrobial treatment of surfaces, as antimicrobial active substances against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi and also for the preservation of cosmetics, household products, textiles and plastics and for use as disinfectants.

The present invention relates to 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formula

R₁ is hydrogen, C₁-C₂₀alkyl; C₁-C₂₀alkoxy; CF₃; C₆-C₁₀aryl; or a radical of formula (1a₁)

R₂ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₂₀alkyl.

C₁-C₂₀alkyl are straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals like methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec.butyl, tert.butyl, amyl, isoamyl or tert.amyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, heptyl, octyl, iso-octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl oder eicosyl.

C₁-C₂₀alkoxy are for example methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sek.butoxy, tert. butoxy, amyloxy, isoamyloxy oder tert.amyloxy, hexyloxy, heptyloxy, octyloxy, isooctyloxy, nonyloxy, decyloxy, undecyloxy, dodecyloxy, tetradecyloxy, pentadecyloxy, hexadecyloxy, heptadecyloxy oder octadecyloxy.

C₆-C₁₀aryl is for example naphthyl and preferably phenyl.

In accordance with the present invention, preference is given to compounds of formula (1a), wherein

R₁ is C₆-C₁₀aryl, and most preferably phenyl.

Preference is given to compounds of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), wherein R₂ is C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl.

Very special preference is given to compounds of formulae

wherein in the formulas (2) to (5)

R₂ is C₁-C₂₀alkyl.

The preparation of the 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives can be carried out according to known methods.

For the preparation of the acrylic acid derivatives of the general formula (1a), (1b) or (1c) of the corresponding cyanoacetates of the formula (1d) are condensed with carbon acid chlorides of the formula (1c) at temperatures from −100° C. to +100° C., preferably at −80° C., in a suitable solvent, like diethylether or tetrahydrofuran in the presence of a base like metal alcoholates, metal silacides or metal amides, preferably lithium diisopropylamide according to the following reaction scheme:

R₁ and R₂ are defined as given in formula (1a), (1b) or (1c).

The process for the preparation of the 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivates is a further object of the present invention.

The 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of the present invention exhibit pronounced antimicrobial action, especially against pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and against bacteria of the skin flora, and also against yeasts and moulds. They are accordingly suitable especially for disinfection, deodorisation, and for general and antimicrobial treatment of the skin and mucosa and of integumentary appendages (hair), more especially for the disinfection of hands and wounds.

They are accordingly suitable as antimicrobial active substances and preservatives in personal care preparations such as, for example, shampoos, bath additives, haircare preparations, liquid and solid soaps (based on synthetic surfactants and salts of saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids), lotions and creams, deodorants, other aqueous or alcoholic solutions, e.g. cleansing solutions for the skin, moist cleaning cloths, oils or powders.

The present invention accordingly relates also to a personal care preparation comprising at least one compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c) and cosmetically tolerable carriers or adjuvants.

The personal care preparation according to the present invention contains from 0.01 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), and cosmetically tolerable adjuvants.

Depending upon the form of the personal care preparation, it comprises, in addition to the 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), further constituents such as, for example, sequestering agents, colorants, perfume oils, thickeners or solidifiers (consistency regulators), emollients, UV-absorbers, skin protective agents, antioxidants, additives that improve the mechanical properties, such as dicarboxylic acids and/or aluminum, zinc, calcium or magnesium salts of C₁₄-C₂₂fatty acids, and, optionally, preservatives.

The personal care preparation according to the present invention may be in the form of a water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion, an alcoholic or alcohol-containing formulation, a vesicular dispersion of an ionic or non-ionic amphiphilic lipid, a gel, a solid stick or an aerosol formulation.

As a water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsion, the cosmetically tolerable adjuvant contains preferably from 5 to 50% of an oil phase, from 5 to 20% of an emulsifier and from 30 to 90% water. The oil phase may comprise any oil suitable for cosmetic formulations such as, for example, one or more hydrocarbon oils, a wax, a natural oil, a silicone oil, a fatty acid ester or a fatty alcohol. Preferred mono- or poly-ols are ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol.

Cosmetic formulations according to the present invention are used in various fields, especially for example in the following preparations:

-   -   skin-care preparations, e.g. skin-washing and cleansing         preparations in the form of tablet-form or liquid soaps,         synthetic detergents or washing pastes, skin emulsions,         multiemulsions or skin oils;     -   bath preparations, e.g. liquid (foam baths, milks, shower         preparations) or solid bath preparations, e.g. bath cubes and         bath salts;     -   cosmetic leave-on personal care preparations, e.g. facial         make-up in the form of day creams or powder creams, face powder         (loose or pressed), rouge or cream make-up, eye-care         preparations, e.g. eyeshadow preparations, mascaras, eyeliners,         eye creams or eye-fix creams; lip-care preparations, e.g.         lipsticks, lip gloss, lip contour pencils, nail-care         preparations, such as nail varnish, nail varnish removers, nail         hardeners or cuticle removers;     -   intimate hygiene preparations, e.g. intimate washing lotions or         intimate sprays;     -   foot-care preparations, e.g. foot baths, foot powders, foot         creams or foot balsams, special deodorants and antiperspirants         or callus-removing preparations;     -   light-protective preparations, such as sun milks, lotions,         creams or oils, sun-blocks or tropicals, pre-tanning         preparations or after-sun preparations;     -   skin-tanning preparations, e.g. self-tanning creams;     -   depigmenting preparations, e.g. preparations for bleaching the         skin or skin-lightening preparations;     -   insect-repellents, e.g. insect-repellent oils, lotions, sprays         or sticks;     -   deodorants, such as deodorant sprays, pump-action sprays,         deodorant gels, sticks or roll-ons;     -   antiperspirants, e.g. antiperspirant sticks, creams or roll-ons;     -   preparations for cleansing and caring for blemished skin, e.g.         synthetic detergents (solid or liquid), peeling or scrub         preparations or peeling masks;     -   hair-removal preparations in chemical form (depilation), e.g.         hair-removing powders, liquid hair-removing preparations, cream-         or paste-form hair-removing preparations, hair-removing         preparations in gel form or aerosol foams;     -   shaving preparations, e.g. shaving soap, foaming shaving creams,         non-foaming shaving creams, foams and gels, preshave         preparations for dry shaving, aftershaves or aftershave lotions;     -   fragrance preparations, e.g. fragrances (eau de Cologne, eau de         toilette, eau de parfum, parfum de toilette, perfume), perfume         oils or perfume creams;     -   dental care, denture-care and mouth-care preparations, e.g.         toothpastes, gel toothpastes, tooth powders, mouthwash         concentrates, anti-plaque mouthwashes, denture cleaners or         denture fixatives;     -   cosmetic hair-treatment preparations, e.g. hair-washing         preparations in the form of shampoos and conditioners, hair-care         preparations, e.g. pretreatment preparations, hair tonics,         styling creams, styling gels, pomades, hair rinses, treatment         packs, intensive hair treatments, hair-structuring preparations,         e.g. hair-waving preparations for permanent waves (hot wave,         mild wave, cold wave), hair-straightening preparations, liquid         hair-setting preparations, hair foams, hairsprays, bleaching         preparations, e.g. hydrogen peroxide solutions, lightening         shampoos, bleaching creams, bleaching powders, bleaching pastes         or oils, temporary, semi-permanent or permanent hair colorants,         preparations containing self-oxidising dyes, or natural hair         colorants, such as henna or camomile.

An antimicrobial soap has, for example, the following composition:

-   0.01 to 5% by weight of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), -   0.3 to 1% by weight titanium dioxide, -   1 to 10% by weight stearic acid, -   soap base ad 100%, e.g. a sodium salt of tallow fatty acid or     coconut fatty acid, or glycerol.

A shampoo has, for example, the following composition:

-   0.01 to 5% by weight of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), -   12.0% by weight sodium laureth-2-sulfate, -   4.0% by weight cocamidopropyl betaine, -   3.0% by weight NaCl and -   water ad 100%.

A deodorant has, for example, the following composition:

-   0.01 to 5% by weight of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), -   60% by weight ethanol, -   0.3% by weight perfume oil, and -   water ad 100%.

The present invention relates also to an oral composition containing from 0.01 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), and orally tolerable adjuvants.

Example of an oral composition:

-   10% by weight sorbitol, -   10% by weight glycerol, -   15% by weight ethanol, -   15% by weight propylene glycol, -   0.5% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate, -   0.25% by weight sodium methylcocyl taurate, -   0.25% by weight polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene block copolymer, -   0.10% by weight peppermint flavouring, -   0.1 to 0.5% by weight of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c),     and

48.6% by weight water.

The oral composition according to the present invention may be, for example, in the form of a gel, a paste, a cream or an aqueous preparation (mouthwash).

The oral composition according to the present invention may also comprise compounds that release fluoride ions which are effective against the formation of caries, for example inorganic fluoride salts, e.g. sodium, potassium, ammonium or calcium fluoride, or organic fluoride salts, e.g. amine fluorides, which are known under the trade name Olafluor.

3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formulae (1a), (1b) or (1c) according to the present invention are also suitable for treating, especially preserving, textile fibre materials. Such materials are undyed and dyed or printed fibre materials, for example made of silk, wool, polyamide or polyurethanes, and especially cellulosic fibre materials of all kinds. Such fibre materials are, for example, natural cellulose fibres, such as cotton, linen, jute and hemp, as well as cellulose and regenerated cellulose. Preferred suitable textile fibre materials are made of cotton.

3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives according to the present invention am suitable also for treating, especially imparting antimicrobial properties to or preserving, plastics such as, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, polycarbonate, latex etc. Fields of use therefor are, for example, floor coverings, plastics coatings, plastics containers and packaging materials; kitchen and bathroom utensils (e.g. brushes, shower curtains, sponges, bathmats), latex, filter materials (air and water filters), plastics articles used in the field of medicine such as, for example, dressing materials, syringes, catheters etc., so-called “medical devices”, gloves and mattresses.

Paper, for example papers used for hygiene purposes, may also be provided with antimicrobial properties using the 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formulae (1a), (1b) or (1c) according to the present invention.

It is also possible for nonwovens such as, for example, nappies/diapers, sanitary towels, panty liners, and cloths for hygiene and household uses, to be provided with antimicrobial properties in accordance with the present invention.

The 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formulae (1a), (1b) or (1c) are also used in washing and cleaning formulations such as, for example, liquid or powder washing agents or softeners.

The 3-aryl-2 cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic add derivatives of formulae (1a), (1b) or (1c) can also be used especially in household and general-purpose cleaners for cleaning and disinfecting hard surfaces.

A cleaning preparation has, for example, the following composition:

-   0.01 to 5% of a compound of formula (1a), (1b) or (1c), -   3.0% octyl alcohol 4EO, -   1.3% fatty alcohol C₆-C₁₀polyglucoside, -   3.0% isopropanol, and -   water ad 100%.

In addition to preserving cosmetic and household products, the preservation of technical products, the provision of technical products with antimicrobial properties and use as a biocide in technical processes are also possible, for example in paper treatment, especially in paper treatment liquors, printing thickeners of starch or cellulose derivatives, surface-coatings and paints.

The 3-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid derivatives of formulae (1a), (1b) or (1c) are also suitable for the antimicrobial treatment of wood and for the antimicrobial treatment of leather, the preserving of leather and the provision of leather with antimicrobial properties.

The compounds according to the present invention are also suitable for the protection of cosmetic products and household products from microbial damage.

Furthermore, the compounds of the present invention are able to penetrate biofilms formed on animated and inanimated surfaces. They can also, if necessary, prevent the adhesion of bacteria on surfaces and the further forming of the biofilms. They are able to detach the biofilm and/or to inhibit the growth of the biofilm forming microorganisms in the biological matrix or to kill them.

Generally, biofilms are aggregates of animated or inanimated microorganisms, preferably bacteria, together with their intermediate catabolic products in form of extracellular polymer substances (EPS-matrix), like polysaccharides. The efficacy of antimicrobial actives, which normally show a distinct growth-inhibition or killing activity against plankton cells, may strongly be reduced for microorganisms, which are organized in biofilms, i.e. because of insufficient penetration of the active into the biomatrix.

The compounds of the present invention are therefore effective actives against biofilms which are formed on the surface of teeth and oral mucosa, which are participated in the formation of degenerative an diseases in the oral region, like caries or periodontosis.

The following Examples illustrate, but do not limit, the present invention.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of aryl-mono-(2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid)-ester (101)

A 1.6 m solution of 1 mmol n-BuLi in hexane is added to a solution of 1 mmol diisopropylamine in THF_(abs) (6 ml/ml diisopropylamine) at −10° C. The mixture is stirred for 15 min. and than cooled down to −78° C.

After that the solution of 0.5 mmol of the corresponding cyano acetate is added in THF (1 ml/g cyanoacetate) at this temperature initially, additionally stirred for 15 min and than the solution of 0.5 mmol of the acid chloride is added in THF (2 ml/g acid chloride).

After stirring for 45 min at −78° C. the reaction mixture is quenched at this temperature with 15% HCl und warmed up to room temperature over night.

For working up the reaction mass is extracted with acetic acid ester, the organic phase is washed with water for several times, dried and purified and concentrated.

The product is isolated and purified via chromatographic methods on silica gel (acidic acid ester/hexane 10/1).

The following derivatives are obtained with this method:

Ar R Yield [%] (101a) 4-biphenyl i-propyl 37 (101b) 4-biphenyl n-butyl 25 (101c) 4-biphenyl i-butyl 18 (101d) 4-biphenyl n-octyl 23 (101e) 4-biphenyl i-octyl 22 (101f) 2-naphthyl n-octyl 20

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of aryl-bis-(2-cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid) ester (102)

A 1.6 m solution mmol of n-BuLi in hexane is added at −10° C. to a solution of 1 mmol diisopropylamine in THF_(abs) (6 ml/ml diisopropylamine). The mixture is stirred for 15 min. and than cooled down to −78° C.

After that the solution of 0.5 mmol of the corresponding cyano acetate is added in THF (1 ml/g cyanoacetate) at this temperature initially, additionally stirred for 15 min and than the solution of 0.5 mmol of the acid chloride is added in THF (2 ml/g acid chloride).

After stirring of 45 min at −78° C. the reaction mixture is quenched at this temperature with 15% HCl und warmed up to room temperature over night.

The working up for reconditioning, isolation and purification is carried out according to example 1.

The following derivatives are obtained with this method:

Comp. of formula R Yield [%] (102a) n-octyl 13 (102b) i-octyl 21

TABLE 1 1H-NMR data of the compounds: Formula Compound 1H-NMR (CDCl₃) (101b) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 0.99(3H, t, J=7.43Hz), cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.45-1.49(2H, m), acrylic acid bu- 1.74-1.79(2H, m), 4.36(2H, tylester t, J=6.66Hz), 7.41(1H, t, J=5.89Hz), 7.47(2H, t, J=6.92Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=6.92Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.71Hz), 8.10(2H, d, J=8.46Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101c) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 1.03(6H, d, J=6.66Hz), cyano-3-hydroxy- 2.07-2.12(1H, m), 4.13(2H, acrylic acid isobu- d, J=6.66Hz), 7.40(1H, t, tylester J=7.30Hz), 7.47(2H, t, J=7.43Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=7.42Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.20Hz), 8.10(2H, d, J=8.46Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101d) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 0.89(3H, t, J=6.66Hz), cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.22-1.45(10H, m), 1.79(2H, acrylic acid oc- m), 4.34(2H, t, J=6.66Hz), tylester 7.40(1H, t, J=7.17Hz), 7.47(2H, t, J=7.17Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=7.17Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.45Hz), 8.09(2H, d, J=8.45Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101e) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 0.85-0.97(6H, m), cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.25-1.45(8H, m), acrylic acid 2- 1.72-1.78(1H, m), ethyl-hexylester 4.24-4.28(2H, m), 7.40(1H, t, J=7.17Hz), 7.46(2H, d, J=7.30Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=7.17Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.712Hz), 8.09(2H, d, J=8.45Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (102a) 2-Cyano-3-[4′-(2- 0.87-0.91(6H, t, cyano-1-hydroxy-2- J=6.92Hz), octyloxycarbonyl- 1.20-1.45(20H, m), vinyl)-biphenyl-4-yl- 1.77-1.82(4H, m), 3-hydroxy-acrylic 4.35(4H, t, J=6.66Hz), acid octyl-ester 7.75(4H, d, J=6.92Hz), 8.12(4H, d, J=8.46Hz), 14.27(2H, s) (102b) 2-Cyano-3-[4′-(2- 0.9-0.97(12H, m), cyano-2-(2-ethyl- 1.30-1.50(16H, m), hexyloxycarbonyl)-1- 1.71-1.78(2H, m), hydroxy-vinyl)- 4.20-4.30(4H, m), biphenyl-4-yl-3- 7.75(4H, d, J=8.46Hz), hydroxy-acrylic 8.13(4H, d, J=8.46Hz), acid-2-ethylhexylester 14.27(2H, s) (101f) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 0.89(3H, t, J=6.83Hz), naphthalen-2-yl- 1.20-1.55(10H, m), acrylic acid- 1.75-180(2H, m), octyl ester 4.35(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.50-7.60(2H, m), 7.86(1H, d, J=8.29Hz), 7.91-7.98(3H, m), 8.58(1H, s), 14.27(1H, s)

TABLE 2 13C-NMR data of the compounds Compound 13C-NMR (CDCl3) (101b) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2-cyano-3- 13.81, 19.11, 30.49, 66.66, hydroxy-acrylic acid- 78.63, 115.90, 127.11, 128.29, butylester 128.86, 129.06, 129.97, 139.33, 145.91, 171.22, 182.11. (101c) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2-cyano-3- 19.06, 27.80, 72.53, 78.62, hydroxy-acrylic acid- 115.83, 127.12, 128.30, 128.87, isobutylester 129.06, 129.99, 139.34, 145.91, 171.18, 182.10 (101d) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2-cyano-3- 14.24, 22.75, 25.80, 25.89, hydroxy-acrylic acid 28.50, 29.23, 31.85, 66.97, octylester 78.65, 115.91, 127.12, 128.30, 128.87, 129.06, 129.98, 139.33, 145.91, 171.24, 182.11. (101e) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2-cyano-3- 11.09, 14.16, 14.25, 22.79, hydroxy-acrylic acid-2- 23.00, 23.69, 28.94, 29.45, ethyl-hexylester 29.78, 30.23, 31.99, 38.69, 69.00, 78.63, 115.71, 127.06, 128.25, 128.81, 129.03, 129.94, 139.27, 145.83, 171.26, 181.95. (102a) 2-cyano-3-[4′-(2- 14.25, 22.75, 25.80, 28.49, cyano-1-hydroxy-2- 29.23, 31.85, 67.08, 79.11, octyloxycarbonyl-vinyl)- 115.71, 127.33, 129.24, 131.09, biphenyl-4-yl-3-hydroxy- 144.05, 171.10, 181.76. acrylic acid-octylester (102b) 2-cyano-3-[4′-(2- 11.09, 14.16, 22.99, 23.68, cyano-2-(2-ethyl- 28.93, 30.21, 38.68, 69.11, hexyloxycarbonyl)-1- 79.10, 115.52, 127.28, 129.20, hydroxy-vinyl)-biphenyl- 131.06, 143.97, 171.12, 181.61. 4-yl-3-hydroxy-acrylic acid-2-ethylhexyl-ester

EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of β-aryl-α-cyano-β-ketoester

To a solution of α-cyanoester (1 mmol), MgCl₂ (1 mmol) in dry CH₃CN (5 mL/g of aroyl chloride), maintained at 0° C. is added NEt₃ (2 mmol) and the mixture is stirred for 5 min.

DMAP (0.5 mmol) is added and the mixture is stirred further for 15 min.

To this mixture is then added acid chloride (1 mmol), the reaction mass is stirred at 0° C. for 45 min and a further 1 h at RT.

The reaction mixture is quenched with 15% HCl at 0° C. and extracted with ethyl acetate.

The organic phase is washed with water, brine and dried over Na₂SO₄.

It is concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude is subjected to column chromatography over silica gel.

Further purification is achieved by a recolumn.

The yields for various β-aryl-α-cyano-β-ketoesters are given in Table 2. ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR data for these derivatives are given in Tables 3 and 4 respectively.

TABLE 2 Synthesis of β-aryl-α-cyano-β-ketoester Comp. of formula Aroyl chloride Cyano ester Yield % (101b) Biphenyl carbonyl chloride n-butyl 70.0 (101d) Biphenyl carbonyl chloride n-octyl 70.0 (101g) Biphenyl carbonyl chloride n-decyl 30.7 (101h) p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride n-butyl 42.0 (101i) p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride n-octyl 50.0 (101k) p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride i-octyl 45.0 (101l) p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride n-decyl 38.0 (101m) 4-toluoyl chloride n-butyl 76.5 (101n) 4-toluoyl chloride n-octyl 62.4 (101o) 4-toluoyl chloride n-decyl 81.6

TABLE 3 ¹H NMR spectral data Comp. of formula Compound ¹H NMR data (101b) *3-Biphenyl-4-yl- 0.99(3H, t, J=7.43Hz), 2-cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.45-1.49(2H, m), acrylic acid butyl 1.74-1.79(2H, m), ester 4.36(2H, t, J=6.66Hz), 7.41(1H, t, J=5.89Hz), 7.47(2H, t, J=6.92Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=6.92Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.71Hz), 8.10(2H, d, J=8.46Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101d) *3-Biphenyl-4-yl- 0.89(3H, t, J=6.66Hz), 2-cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.22-1.45(10H, m), acrylic acid octyl 1.79(2H, m), 4.34(2H, t, ester J=6.66Hz), 7.40(1H, t, J=7.17Hz), 7.47(2H, t, J=7.17Hz), 7.62(2H, d, J=7.17Hz), 7.71(2H, d, J=8.45Hz), 8.09(2H, d, J=8.45Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101g) 3-Biphenyl-4-yl- 0.89(3H, t, J=5.61Hz), 2-cyano-3-hydroxy- 1.28-1.55(14H, m), 1.79(2H, acrylic acid decyl m), 4.36(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), ester 7.42(1H, t, J=6.80Hz), 7.48(2H, t, J=6.80Hz), 7.63(2H, d, J=7.80Hz), 7.73(2H, d, J=7.80Hz), 8.12(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101h) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy- 0.98(3H, t, J=7.31Hz), 3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 1.44-1.48(2H, m), 1.72-1.79(2H, acrylic acid butyl ester m), 4.34(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.04(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 7.09(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 7.22(1H, t, J=7.31Hz), 7.41(2H, t, J=7.56Hz), 8.04(2H, d, J=8.78Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101i) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy- 0.88(3H, t, J=6.83Hz), 3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 1.29-1.54(10H, m), 1.75-1.79(2H, acrylic acid octyl ester m), 4.33(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.04(2H, d, J=9.26Hz), 7.09(2H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.22(1H, t, J=7.56Hz), 7.41(2H, t, J=8.04Hz), 8.04(2H, d, J=8.78Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101k) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy- 0.90-0.96(6H, m), 1.29-1.49(8H, 3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- m), 1.71-1.74(1H, m), acrylic acid 2-ethyl- 4.24-4.28(2H, m), 7.04(2H, d, hexyl ester J=8.78Hz), 7.09(2H, d, J=7.31Hz), 7.22(1H, t, J=7.56Hz), 7.41(2H, t, J=8.04Hz), 8.04(2H, d, J=8.78Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101l) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy- 0.88(3H, t, J=6.83Hz), 3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 1.28-1.54(14H, m), 1.75-1.78(2H, acrylic acid decyl ester m) 4.33(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.04(2H, d, J=8.78Hz), 7.09(2H, d, J=7.31Hz), 7.22(1H, t, J=7.51Hz), 7.41(2H, t, J=7.80Hz), 8.04(2H, d, J=8.78Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101m) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 0.89(3H, t, J=7.31Hz), p-tolyl-acrylic acid 1.34-1.43(2H, m), 1.64-1.71(2H, butyl ester m), 2.34(3H, s), 4.26(2H, t, J=6.58Hz), 7.22(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 7.85(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101n) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 0.89(3H, t, J=6.83Hz), p-tolyl-acrylic acid 1.28-1.42(10H, m), 1.73-1.78(2H, octyl ester m), 2.42(3H, s), 4.33(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.30(2H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.93(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 14.27(1H, s) (101o) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 0.81(3H, t, J=6.83Hz), p-tolyl-acrylic acid 1.20-1.35(14H, m), 1.65-1.72(2H, decyl ester m), 2.42(3H, s), 4.25(2H, t, J=6.83Hz), 7.22(2H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.85(2H, d, J=8.29Hz), 14.27(1H, s)

TABLE 4 ¹³C spectral data Comp. of formula Compound ¹³C data (101b) *3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 13.81, 19.11, 30.49, 66.66, cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic 78.63, 115.90, 127.11, 128.29, acid butylester 128.86, 129.06, 129.97, 139.33, 145.91, 171.22, 182.11. (101d) *3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 14.24, 22.75, 25.80, 25.89, cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic 28.50, 29.23, 31.85, 66.97, acid octyl ester 78.65, 115.91, 127.12, 128.30, 128.87, 129.06, 129.98, 139.33, 145.91, 171.24, 182.11. (101g) 3-biphenyl-4-yl-2- 14.07, 22.66, 25.70, 28.42, cyano-3-hydroxy-acrylic 29.16, 29.27, 29.45, 29.49, acid decyl-ester 31.86, 66.95, 78.65, 115.94, 127.26, 128.43, 129.00, 129.22, 130.19, 139.56, 146.14, 171.60, 182.38. (101h) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 13.61, 18.97, 30.44, 66.54, (4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 78.65, 116.04, 117.27, 120.43, acrylic acid butyl 124.93, 125.40, 130.13, 130.94, ester 155.44, 162.60, 171.70, 181.9.4 (101i) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 14.03, 22.59, 25.68, 28.41, (4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 29.09, 31.73, 66.85, 77.79, acrylic acid octyl 116.18, 117.27, 120.41, 124.93, ester 125.40, 130.12, 130.93, 155.08, 162.33, 171.66, 181.89. (101k) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 10.95, 13.99, 22.88, 23.66, (4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 28.88, 30.20, 38.71, 69.01, acrylic acid 2-ethyl- 77.79, 116.03, 117.28, 120.42, hexyl ester 124.92, 130.13, 130.94, 155.10, 162.33, 171.73, 181.79. (101l) 2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 14.03, 22.59, 25.68, 28.41, (4-phenoxy-phenyl)- 29.10, 29.21, 29.39, 29.45, acrylic acid decyl 31.73, 66.85, 77.79, 116.03, ester 117.28, 120.42, 124.92, 130.95, 130.94, 155.10, 162.33, 171.73, 181.79. (101m) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 13.57, 18.93, 21.66, 30.39, p-tolyl-acrylic acid 66.47, 78.12, 115.98, 128.63, butyl ester 128.70, 129.33, 144.33, 171.55, 182.83. (101n) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 13.94, 21.58, 22.51, 25.60, p-tolyl-acrylic acid 28.31, 29.00, 31.64, 66.72, octyl ester 78.18, 115.89, 128.58, 128.64, 129.26, 144.26, 171.50, 182.72. (101o) 2-cyano-3-hydroxy-3- 14.02, 21.64, 22.60, 25.64, p-tolyl-acrylic acid 28.37, 29.10, 29.22, 29.39, decyl ester 29.45, 31.81, 66.77, 78.24, 115.96, 128.63, 128.70, 129.31, 144.31, 171.55, 182.80.

EXAMPLE 4 Determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC Value)

a) Automatic MIC-Screening according to the broth dilution method:

-   -   Medium: Casein/soymeal peptone agar (Merck)     -   Diluent: DMSO     -   Microorganisms used:         -   Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538         -   Escherichia coli ATCC 10536         -   Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 43146         -   Corynebacterium xerosis ATCC 373 oder         -   C. minutissimum ATCC 23348     -   Incubation: 24 to 48 hours at 37° C.     -   Test solution: 0.3% stock solutions of all the test substances         are prepared in a suitable solvent and diluted in serial         dilutions to end concentrations of 120 μg/ml to 3.75 μg/ml in         DSMO in Deep-Well-plates.

Test Principle:

8 μl of each dilution step is mixed with 192 μl of nutrient medium in micro titer plates. The plates are incubated at 37° C. for 24 hours and then the highest dilution (lowest concentration) of the test substance at which growth is just no longer discernible is determined (corresponds to the MIC).

TABLE 4 MIK in [μγ/ml] Comp. of S. Corynebac- A. formula aureus terium sp. viscosus (101b)

7.5 15 7.5 (101c)

7.5 7.5 7.5 (101d)

<3.75 <3.75 <3.75 (102a)

<3.75 >120 <3.75

b) Determination of MIC vs. different oral germs in the broth dilution method

-   -   Medium: Thioglycolate Bouillon with Hemin and Menadion Columbia         Bouillon with Hemin and Menadion für P. gingivalis und P.         nigrescens     -   diluent: the corresponding amount of the substances was pippeted         directly     -   Examples of Test organisms:         -   Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans ATCC43718         -   Streptococcus gordonii ATCC10558         -   Streptococcus mutans ATCC33402         -   Actinomyces viscosus ATCC43146         -   Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum ATCC1095         -   Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC3277         -   Prevotella nigrescens ATCC33563     -   Incubation: 7-10 days at 37° C. under anaerobic conditions,         resp. 24 h aerobically with 10% CO₂ for Streptococci und A.         actinomycetemcomitans     -   Test solution: Stock solutions in ethanol with 1500 ppm (w/w)         are used from all test substances

Test Principle:

Bacteria are taken from blood agar plates with cotton swabs and a suitable O.D. is adjusted in the corresponding medium (McFarland 0.5). This solution is used for F. nucleatum and P. nigrescens in undiluted state, for the other strains a dilution of 1:20 is used. To each 2 ml of active ingredient containing solution 0.1 ml of the bacteria culture is added and incubated as described above.

The results are listed in Table 5.

TABLE 5 MHK in [ppm] (101b) (101c) (101d) (101e) (201a) (201b) A. actinomycetemcomitans 15 15 ≧15 >15 >15 >15 ATCC43718 S. gordonii ATCC10558 3.75 3.75 ≦0.94 <0.94 15 15 S. mutans ATCC33402 5.63 5.63 ≦0.94 <0.94 >15 >15 A. viscosus ATCC43146 3.75 7.5 ≦0.94 <0.94 7.5 7.5 F. nucleatum subsp. ≦0.94 7.5 15 >15 ≧15 >15 polymorphum ATCC10953 P. gingivalis ATCC3277 3.75 7.5 7.5 15 >15 >15 P. nigrescens ATCC33563 >15 >15 >15 >15 >15 >15

c) Determination of MIC for an extended germ spectrum in the Agar incorporation test

-   -   Medium:         -   Casein/soymeal peptone agar (Merck)         -   *Sabouraud 4% glucose agar (Merck)     -   Diluent: Sterile 0.85% NaCl solution     -   Microorganisms used (examples):         -   Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538         -   Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228         -   Corynebacterium xerosis ATCC 373         -   Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919         -   Escherichia coil ATCC 10536         -   Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442         -   Candida albicans ATCC 10231*     -   Incubation:         -   24 hours at 37° C.         -   *=3 days at 28° C.     -   Test solution: 1% stock solutions of all the test substances are         prepared in a suitable solvent and diluted in serial dilutions         to end concentrations of from 1000 ppm to 10 ppm.

Test Principle:

0.3 ml of each dilution step is mixed with 15 ml of nutrient medium while the latter is still liquid. After the nutrient medium has solidified, 10 μl of each of the following organism dilutions of the test strains in 0.85% NaCl solution are spotted onto the agar medium.

The plates are incubated during 24 hours at 37° C. and then the highest dilution (lowest concentration) of the test substance at which growth is just no longer discernible (corresponds to the MIC) is determined.

TABLE 6 MIC [in ppm] Compound of formula (101b) (101c) (101d) (101e) (201b) Staphylococcus aureus 6.25 12.5 <1.56 1.9 100 ATCC 6538 Staphylococcus 6.25 6.25 <1.56 1.9 25 epidermidis ATCC 12228 Corynebacterium xerosis 3.13 3.13 <1.56 1.9 <1.56 ATCC 373 C. minutissimum 12.5 12.5 <1.56 50 ATCC 23348 Propionibacterium acnes 12.5 12.5 6.25 0.94 <1.56 ATCC 6919 Escherischia coli >100 >50 >400 >500 >400 ATCC 10536 Proteus vulgaris >100 >50 >400 >400 ATCC 6896 Klebsiella pneumoniae >100 >50 >400 >400 ATCC 4352 Salmonella choleraesuis >100 >50 >400 >400 ATCC 9184 Pseudomonas >100 >50 >400 >500 >400 aeruginosa ATCC 15442 Candida albicans >100 >50 >400 >500 >400 ATCC 10231 Aspergillus niger >100 >50 >400 >400 ATCC 6275 

1. Compounds of formula

wherein R₁ is C₆-C₁₀aryl; or a group of formula (1a₁)

and R₂ is hydrogen; or C₁-C₂₀alkyl.
 2. Compounds of formula (1a) according to claim 1, wherein R₁ is C₆-C₁₀aryl.
 3. Compounds according to claim 1, wherein R₁ is phenyl.
 4. Compounds according to claim 1, wherein R₂ is C₁-C₂₀alkyl.
 5. Compounds according to claim 1, which correspond to formula

wherein R₂ is C₁-C₂₀alkyl.
 6. Compounds according to claim 1, which correspond to formula

wherein R₂ is C₁-C₂₀alkyl.
 7. A cosmetic composition comprising from 0.01 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a compound of formula (1a) according to claim 1, and cosmetically tolerable adjuvants.
 8. An oral composition comprising from 0.01 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of a compound of formula (1a) according claim 1, and orally tolerable adjuvants. 